Wisconsin Records First West Nile Virus Activity of the Year
The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) has reported the initial incidence of West Nile virus (WNV) in the state for this year. A human case has surfaced in Barron County, alongside positive mosquito tests in Milwaukee and Lafayette Counties. The presence of WNV is a prompt for residents to safeguard against mosquito bites to mitigate the risk of illness. Paula Tran, the State Health Officer, emphasized, “West Nile virus poses a risk to all Wisconsinites, but people who have weakened immune systems are at higher risk for serious illness.”
WNV is primarily transmitted through mosquito bites after mosquitoes feed on infected birds. It is important to note that WNV is not spread by direct contact between individuals or animals. While many who contract the virus remain asymptomatic, symptoms can range from fever and headache to severe neurological conditions in vulnerable populations, especially older adults and those with compromised immune systems.
Since 2001, the DHS has been vigilant in monitoring WNV cases in mosquitoes, animals, and humans, reporting an annual average of 18 human cases in Wisconsin. Though cases can appear from June through November, the peak months are typically August and September. The public is advised to consult healthcare providers if WNV infection is suspected.
To minimize the risk of mosquito-borne illnesses, DHS advises reducing exposure and eliminating potential mosquito breeding sites. Mosquitoes remain active until a hard frost occurs, defined as temperatures below 28 degrees Fahrenheit for at least four hours. Here are some recommended strategies to protect oneself from mosquito bites:
Avoid mosquito bites
- Use insect repellents containing DEET, picaridin, oil of lemon eucalyptus, or IR3535 on exposed skin and clothing.
- Treat clothing with permethrin before outdoor activities, avoiding direct skin application.
- Consider adjusting outdoor plans, especially during peak mosquito activity in the evening and early morning.
- Opt for long sleeves, pants, and socks when outdoors to shield your skin from mosquitoes.
Make your home mosquito-proof
- Eliminate stagnant water in your surroundings, which serves as mosquito breeding grounds. This includes:
- Emptying water from cans, containers, flower pots, tires, gutters, and downspouts.
- Inverting items like wheelbarrows, kiddie pools, and small boats when not in use.
- Refreshing water in bird baths and pet dishes at least every three days.
- Maintaining clean and chlorinated swimming pools, saunas, and hot tubs. Drain water from pool covers.
- Ensure window and door screens are secure and intact to keep mosquitoes out.
- Trim tall grass, weeds, and vines where mosquitoes rest during the day.
For further details on preventing and recognizing West Nile virus (WNV) and additional mosquito control tips, visit the DHS website. More information on how to Fight the Bite is also available online.
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